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Food and health custom essay

Diminishing in the rations of feed of vegetables, rich in cellular tissue, is unindifferently, as the lack of cellulose is one of the factors of risk of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease. The level of the cholesterol in blood proportionally depends on the cellulose. And, although the mechanism of the action of cellulose is not studied enough yet, it is already known that the methylcellulose links the ammonia in thick bowels, dietary fibers link water, being also the absorbents of organic matters, strengthen the evacuator function of bowels, destroy fat and bilious acids.

But, unfortunately, plants are subjected to the seasonality of growth, climatic terms of environment, the underestimation of vegetables by the population also plays a role.

Violation of diet plays a negative role to the health. It shows up in the diminishing of amount of eatings  a day from four-five to two, maldistribution of the day’s ration on separate receptions, increase of supper to 35-65% instead of 20%, increase of the intervals between eatings from 4-5  to 7-8. Ensminger (1994) said that for many years three rules of nutrition have been formulated: variety, moderation and timeliness. Unfortunately, the speeding of rate of life of the students cast aside all these rules. To take all students which in pursuit after knowledge completely leave from caring about the health. Not only they are guilty but also the whole educational system, society itself, although who needs a sick newly made engineer.

Recently the students began to pay attention to the quantity of calories put in the products. The power value of food is measured in the calories. A big a calorie is an amount of heat, necessary for the heating of one litre of water on one degree. The power expenses of a man are expressed in the same units. The influx of energy in the organism with food must be equal to the expense of the energy on a certain work for the weight of the grown man to remain unchanging at maintenance of the normal functional state. Here is the basic principle of rational feed, taking into account the climatic and seasonal conditions, age and sex of people. But the main index of energyexchange is the size of physical activity. Thus oscillations in metabolism can be very considerable. For example, the exchange processes in the energetically working skeletal muscle can grow in 1000 times as compared to the muscle, being at peace.

Even at complete rest the energy is expended on the functioning of the organism, this is the so-called basic exchange. The consumption of energy at peace for one hour is equal to approximately one kilo-calorie on the kilogram of the mass of a body. At that rate at the mass of a body of70 kgthe basic exchange for an hour will make 70 kkal, for twenty-four hours – 1680 kkal.

At the work of mainly mental character the calorie content of food is about 2500 kkal, and at the large physical loadings it increases to 4000-4500 kkal.

Presently due to the overconsumption of fats and carbohydrates, mainly pastry and sweets, the calorie content of day’s ration of a man increased to 4000 and even 11 000 kkal. At the same time there are supervisions, that the decline of calorie content of ration to 2000 kkal and even below leads to the improvement of many functions of the organism in condition of the equilibration of feed and sufficient maintenance of vitamins and mocroelements. It is also confirmed at the study of feed of long-livers.

The organism of young, like students, requires a little bigger amounts of food, especially albumens and vitamins. In winter and in cold places the calorie content of food may be some enhanceable comparing with the summer period or staying in a warm climate.

Exceeding of the calorie content of food comparing to the physiological norm results in the overweight, and then to obesity, when some pathological processes – atherosclerosis, some endocrine diseases and other may develop on this basis. Brodgon and Wallace (1995) stated that if a man eats only one superfluous open sandwich with butter (200 kkal) a day, then in a year it will give an increase in7 kgof fat.

In nutrition it is necessary to take into account not only the amount of the eaten food but also its high-quality description.